很多时候我们在安装OS的时候可能默认选择的最小化安装（Minimal Install），是没有图形化界面的。后面又想安装GUI图形化。在rhel7 平台上可以通过如下命令实现图形化安装。

查看当前可用的安装组

 1[root@361way mnt]# yum group list
 2Available environment groups:
 3   Minimal Install
 4   Infrastructure Server
 5   File and Print Server
 6   Basic Web Server
 7   Virtualization Host
 8   Server with GUI
 9Available Groups:
10   Compatibility Libraries
11   Console Internet Tools
12   Development Tools
13   Graphical Administration Tools
14   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
15   Scientific Support
16   Security Tools
17   Smart Card Support
18   System Administration Tools
19   System Management
20Done

安装图形化界面

1[root@361way mnt]#yum -y groupinstall "Server with GUI"
2...
3Complete!

查看已经安装详情

 1[root@361way mnt]# show-installed
 2WARNING: The following groups contain packages not found in the repositories:
 3XXX base
 4        yum-plugin-security
 5XXX core
 6        ql2100-firmware
 7        ql23xx-firmware
 8        ql2200-firmware
 9        bfa-firmware
10XXX gnome-desktop
11        unoconv
12        polkit-gnome
13        gvfs-obexftp
14@base
15        -yum-plugin-security
16@compat-libraries
17@core
18        -bfa-firmware
19        -ql2100-firmware
20        -ql2200-firmware
21        -ql23xx-firmware
22@development
23@dial-up
24@fonts
25@gnome-desktop
26        -gvfs-obexftp
27        -polkit-gnome
28        -unoconv
29@guest-agents
30@guest-desktop-agents
31@input-methods
32@internet-browser
33@multimedia
34@print-client
35@x11
36# Others
37grub2
38# 1255 package names, 246 leaves
39# 14 groups, 3 leftovers, 8 excludes
40# 29 lines

show-installed是一个用python写的命令，该命令会去调用yum查看当前已安装的软件组和软件包。

启用图形界面并设置默认启动

1[root@361way mnt]# startx
2[root@361way mnt]#systemctl get-default
3multi-user.target
4[root@361way mnt]#systemctl set-default graphical.target
5rm '/etc/systemd/system/default.target'
6ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target' '/etc/systemd/system/default.target'
7[root@361way mnt]#systemctl get-default
8graphical.target
9[root@361way mnt]#reboot